Skip to content

Natural site · GANSU · UNESCO

Zhangye Danxia (Rainbow Mountains)

张掖丹霞 · Zhāngyè Dānxiá

About

UNESCO-listed multicoloured sandstone hills in northwest Gansu. Stripes of red, orange, yellow and white from cretaceous sediment layers.

The Zhangye Danxia landform — marketed outside China as the Rainbow Mountains — is a 510-square-kilometre geological park in the Linze and Sunan counties of Gansu, formed from Cretaceous-period sandstone and conglomerate deposits that have been differentially stained by iron oxides and trace minerals over tens of millions of years. The result is a landscape of ridges and badlands where the exposed strata run horizontally in bands of red, orange, yellow, white, and in places purple or green. The specific palette depends on the mineral composition of each layer: haematite produces reds, limonite produces yellows, and interactions between ferrous minerals and silica produce the more unusual hues. Uplift associated with the formation of the Tibetan Plateau tilted and exposed these layers; subsequent erosion carved them into the rippled, blade-like ridges visible today. UNESCO listed the site in 2010 as part of the China Danxia World Heritage inscription, which also covers danxia formations in Guangdong, Fujian, and four other provinces.

The visitor experience is organised around a shuttle bus that stops at four numbered viewpoint platforms along an entrance road. Each platform offers a different angle on the formations, with the colour banding best visible in the low-angle light of sunrise and sunset. The colour saturation is genuinely dramatic in those conditions; the midday light flattens the effect considerably. Viewpoint 4, the farthest from the entrance, is generally considered the most varied in terms of landform complexity. The platforms are paved and accessible, requiring no hiking.

Zhangye sits on the Hexi Corridor and connects naturally into a Silk Road itinerary combining it with Jiayuguan Pass (150 kilometres west) and Dunhuang (a further 400 kilometres). High-speed rail connects Zhangye with Lanzhou and Jiayuguan.

How to get there

HSR Lanzhou or Dunhuang to Zhangye West, then taxi.

When to visit

May–October. Sunrise or sunset for the colour.

UNESCO inscription

Inscription year not yet confirmed against UNESCO source.
China Danxia is the name given in China to landscapes developed on continental red terrigenous sedimentary beds influenced by endogenous forces (including uplift) and exogenous forces (including weathering and erosion). The inscribed site comprises six areas found in the sub-tropical zone of south-west China. They are characterized by spectacular red cliffs and a range of erosional landforms, including dramatic natural pillars, towers, ravines, valleys and waterfalls. These rugged landscapes have helped to conserve sub-tropical broad-leaved evergreen forests, and host many species of flora and fauna, about 400 of which are considered rare or threatened.

Source: UNESCO World Heritage Centre — official listing.

Other natural sites in China

Other UNESCO World Heritage sites in China

Frequently asked questions

How much does Zhangye Danxia (Rainbow Mountains) cost to visit?
Adult entry to Zhangye Danxia (Rainbow Mountains) is ¥75, ¥37 for children. Plus shuttle ¥20.
When is Zhangye Danxia (Rainbow Mountains) open?
Zhangye Danxia (Rainbow Mountains) opening hours: 5:30am–8pm summer; 7:30am–6pm winter.
How long do you need at Zhangye Danxia (Rainbow Mountains)?
Allow 4–6 hours for Zhangye Danxia (Rainbow Mountains). Add buffer time if you plan to visit at peak season or include nearby sights in the same trip.
When is the best time to visit Zhangye Danxia (Rainbow Mountains)?
May–October. Sunrise or sunset for the colour.
How do you get to Zhangye Danxia (Rainbow Mountains)?
HSR Lanzhou or Dunhuang to Zhangye West, then taxi.
Verified May 2026

Spotted something out of date? Submit a correction.

Research

Cross-checked against primary sources

Verified

Address, hours, fees confirmed at the date shown

Updated

Re-verified periodically; corrections welcome

Read our methodology →