Longhua

Longhua district lies north of Shenzhen's original Special Economic Zone boundary — the fence line that divided the SEZ from the wider Guangdong countryside until it was decommissioned in 2016. The boundary's removal did not immediately alter the economic character of what lay north of it; Longhua retains the character of a secondary settlement zone that grew as workers priced out of the coastal districts moved further inland.

The district is home to the Foxconn Technology Park — the largest electronics manufacturing complex in the city and the production site for a substantial proportion of the world's smartphones, tablets, and computers. The campus accommodates a workforce of several hundred thousand, with dormitories, canteens, shops, and medical facilities within its boundaries. The factory is not a visitor destination, but its scale gives context to Longhua's demographic character: the district's population of over two million includes a large proportion of young migrant workers, most from Hunan, Jiangxi, and Sichuan provinces.

Guanlan Original Printmaking Base represents the cultural layer that has developed alongside the industrial one. A village of Hakka origin with surviving ancestral halls and old courtyard buildings became the nucleus of an art colony when printmaking artists began using the renovated spaces as studios in the early 2000s. The base now hosts a biennial international printmaking exhibition and has attracted permanent studios from several dozen Chinese and international printmakers.

The Hakka presence in Longhua — as in much of eastern Guangdong — is visible in the older village structures scattered between the newer development. Walled Hakka enclosures (tulou or puncai weilou, the enclosed rectangular compound type found in this part of Guangdong) survive in a few villages and are worth examining for the contrast they provide with the surrounding industrial landscape.